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Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of 0.8PZT–0.2PCN ceramics under sintering conditions variation

ID=71
Authors A. Prasatkhetragarna, M. Unruan, A. Ngamjarurojana, Y. Laosiritaworn, S. Ananta, R. Yimnirun and D. P. Cann
Source
Current Applied Physics
Volume: 9, Issue: 5, Pages: 1165-1169
Time of Publication: 2009

Conductivity and water uptake of Sr4(Sr2Nb2)O11·nH2O and Sr4(Sr2Ta2)O11·nH2O

ID=70
Authors Niina Jalarvo, Camilla Haavik, Camilla Kongshaug, Poul Norby and Truls Norby
Source
Solid State Ionics
Volume: 180, Issue: 20-22, Pages: 1151-1156
Time of Publication: 2009

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline Ni–YSZ cermet anode for SOFC

ID=69
Author T. Priyatham and Ranjit Bauri
Source
Materials Characterization
Volume: 61, Issue: 1, Pages: 54-58
Time of Publication: 2010-01
Abstract Ni–YSZ cermet anode has been synthesized in one step using a simple and cost effective combustion synthesis process. The processed powder of NiO–YSZ is found to be nanocrystalline with crystallite sizes of 29 and 22 nm for NiO and YSZ respectively by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis also shows that the precursor salts are converted to highly crystalline phases of NiO and YSZ (8 mol% Y2O3) without any intermediate calcination step and no undesirable phases are present. Comparison with the X-ray diffraction pattern of a commercial YSZ sample shows that the process is also effective in maintaining a close compositional control. The microstructure of the sintered and reduced sample shows a well defined network of pores which is necessary for the effective functioning of the anode. The electrical conductivity as a function of temperature shows metallic behavior.
Keywords Ni–YSZ anode; Combustion synthesis; Nanocrystalline cermet; Microstructure

A combined conductivity and DFT study of protons in PbZrO3 and alkaline earth zirconate perovskites

ID=68
Authors Tor S. Bjørheim, Akihide Kuwabara, Istaq Ahmed, Reidar Haugsrud, Svein Stølen and Truls Norby
Source
Solid State Ionics
Volume: 181, Issue: 3-4, Pages: 130-137
Time of Publication: 2010
Abstract The electrical properties of nominally undoped and 4 mol% Y-doped PbZrO3 have been investigated by AC conductivity measurements and impedance spectroscopy under various pH2O and pO2 at high temperatures. The results indicate that the defect structures are dominated by acceptors (Y dopant and/or Pb vacancies formed during synthesis). In dry atmosphere and at high temperatures, the acceptors are compensated by oxygen vacancies. These are hydrated and replaced by protonic defects (hydroxide ions on oxide ion sites) at higher pH2O and lower temperatures. In oxidizing atmospheres, a minority concentration of electron holes dominates the conductivity. At lower temperatures and in wet atmosphere, a significant protonic conductivity contribution is also observed. Based on pO2 and pH2O isotherms, a model for incorporation of protonic defects has been applied, and the standard enthalpy of hydration of oxygen vacancies in undoped PbZrO3 has been determined (− 1.07 ± 0.13 eV). The measured total conductivities are influenced by high grain boundary resistance. Hence, the enthalpy is at the present stage assigned to the polycrystalline ceramic material as such. Rough estimates of bulk proton mobility in Y-doped PbZrO3 yield uH+0 = 17 cm2K/Vs and ΔHm,H+ = 0.93 eV. A complementary DFT study of the hydration thermodynamics of PbZrO3 and the alkaline earth zirconate perovskites AZrO3 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) is also reported. The experimental and theoretical hydration enthalpies are compared with those of other ABO3 perovskites. Correlations between the hydration thermodynamics and other properties of the materials are discussed.
Keywords PbZrO3; CaZrO3; SrZrO3; BaZrO3; Conductivity; Proton; Proton mobility; DFT; Thermodynamics; Defects; Hydration

Electrical conductivity and oxygen permeation properties of SrCoFeOx membranes

ID=67
Authors Jay Kniep, Qinghua Yin, Izumi Kumakiri and Y.S. Lin
Source
Solid State Ionics
Volume: 180, Issue: 40, Pages: 1633-1639
Time of Publication: 2010
Abstract The total conductivity and oxygen permeation properties of dense SrCoFeOx membranes synthesized from the solid state method were studied in the temperature range of 700–900 °C. The SrCoFeOx membranes consist of an intergrowth (Sr4Fe6 − xCoxO13 ± δ), perovskite (SrFe1 − xCoxO3 − δ), and spinel (Co3 − xFexO4) phase. SrCoFeOx exhibits n-type and p-type conduction at low and high oxygen partial pressures, respectively, and has a total conductivity of 16.5 S/cm at 900 °C in air. The oxygen permeation fluxes for SrCoFeOx and SrFeCo0.5Ox membranes were measured with either an inert or carbon monoxide sweep gas. The oxygen permeation fluxes were higher through SrCoFeOx membranes than SrFeCo0.5Ox membranes and can be attributed to a difference in the amount and makeup of the perovskite phase present in each composition. The oxygen permeation fluxes with a carbon monoxide sweep gas were approximately two orders of magnitude larger than the fluxes measured with an inert sweep gas for both compositions. The large oxygen permeation fluxes observed with a carbon monoxide sweep are due to a higher driving force for oxygen transport and a reaction on the sweep side of the membrane that maintains a low oxygen partial pressure.
Keywords Mixed-conducting oxide membrane; Oxygen permeation; Strontium iron cobalt oxide

Transport properties and defect analysis of La1.9Sr0.1NiO4 + δ

ID=66
Authors Zuoan Li, Reidar Haugsrud, Jens B. Smith and Truls Norby
Source
Solid State Ionics
Volume: 180, Issue: 26-27, Pages: 1433-1441
Time of Publication: 2009

Investigation of proton conductivity in Sm1.92Ca0.08Ti2O7 − δ and Sm2Ti1.92Y0.08O7 − δ pyrochlores

ID=65
Authors K.E.J. Eurenius, E. Ahlberg, I. Ahmed, S.G. Eriksson and C.S. Knee
Source
Solid State Ionics
Volume: 181, Issue: 3-4, Pages: 148-153
Time of Publication: 2010
Abstract The results of the synthesis and characterisation of pyrochlore systems Sm1.92Ca0.08Ti2O7 − δ and Sm2Ti1.92Y0.08O7 − δ are reported. The electrical conductivity of the materials was studied using impedance spectroscopy under wet and dry oxygen and argon. Enhancements of the bulk conductivity at temperatures up to 500 °C were observed for wet conditions indicative of significant proton conductivity. The presence of dissolved protons in the materials is supported by thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy. Proton conduction was confirmed by measurements in O2/D2O and Ar/D2O. The results reveal the importance of the correct choice of dopant site for the pyrochlore structure, with A-site substitution yielding the highest levels of proton, as well as oxide ion, conduction. For both samples bulk, rather than grain boundary, conduction is found to be dominant.
Keywords Sm2Ti2O7; Pyrochlore; Ionic conductivity; Infrared spectroscopy; Impedance spectroscopy

Space–charge theory applied to the grain boundary impedance of proton conducting BaZr0.9Y0.1O3 − δ

ID=64
Authors C. Kjolseth, , H. Fjeld, O. Prytz, P.I. Dahl, C. Estournes, R. Haugsrud, T. Norby
Source
Solid State Ionics
Volume: 181, Issue: 5-7, Pages: 268-275
Time of Publication: 2010
Abstract The specific grain interior and grain boundary conductivities, obtained from impedance spectroscopy and the brick layer model, are reported for BaZr0.9Y0.1O3 − δ as a function of pO2 and temperature. pO2-dependencies were indicative of dominating ionic and p-type electronic conduction for the grain interior under reducing and oxidizing conditions, respectively, while the grain boundaries showed an additional n-type electronic contribution under reducing conditions. Transmission electron microscopy revealed enrichment of Y in the grain boundary region. These findings indicate the existence of space–charge layers in the grain boundaries. A grain boundary core–space–charge layer model is therefore applied to interpret the data. Using a Mott–Schottky approximation, a Schottky barrier height of 0.5–0.6 V and an effective grain boundary width of 8–10 nm (= 2× space–charge layer thickness) is obtained at 250 °C in wet oxygen. Finite-element modelling of the complex impedance over a grain boundary with a space–charge layer depletion of protons yields a distorted semicircle as observed in the impedance spectra.
Keywords BaZrO3; BaZr0.9Y0.1O3 − δ; Proton conductivity; Grain boundary resistance; Impedance spectroscopy; Space–charge layer

Ceria and copper/ceria functional coatings for electrochemical applications: Materials preparation and characterization

ID=63
Authors J. Melnik, X.Z. Fu, J.L. Luo, A.R. Sanger, K.T. Chuang, Q.M. Yang
Source
Journal of Power Sources
Volume: 195, Issue: 8, Pages: 2189-2195
Time of Publication: 2010
Abstract Following preliminary investigations, two electrodeposition techniques (electrophoretic and electrolytic) were selected and adapted for deposition of doped ceria ceramic and copper/doped ceria composite coatings on Ni substrates (foil and foam). The copper/doped ceria composites have potential value as protective functional coatings for current collectors in electrochemical cells including solid oxide fuel sells (SOFC). The doped ceria ceramic coating has potential application as a porous matrix for anodes of SOFCs operating on syngas, sour gas, or hydrocarbons.
Keywords Electrodeposition; Coating; Ceramics; Composite; Fuel cell

Effects of hydrogen on phase stability of ytterbium doped strontium cerates

ID=62
Authors M. Matsuka, T. Sakai, H. Matsumoto, R.D. Braddock, I.E. Agranovski, T. Ishihara
Source
Materials Letters
Volume: 64, Issue: 7, Pages: 833-835
Time of Publication: 2010
Abstract The effect of hydrogen on the phase stability of both SrCe0.95Yb0.05O3 − α, (SCYb-5) powder and disk samples in both dry and wet hydrogen atmospheres was investigated. It was found that decomposition of the perovskite phase was especially evident in the disk samples treated in a dry hydrogen atmosphere, probably due to reduction of the tetravalent cerium ions to trivalent cerium ions in the sample. It was interesting to find that the extent of the decomposition of the perovskite phase was most influenced by the status (i.e. either disk or powder form) of the SCYb-5 samples, rather than the temperature or the extent of the reducing atmospheres. The findings of this study indicate that relaxation kinetics may play an important role in the phase stability of perovskite materials.
Keywords Ceramics; Perovskites; Phase stability; Hydrogen permeation

Electrical conductivity of the proton conductor BaZr0.9Y0.1O3-δ obtained by high temperature annealing

ID=60
Authors Duval, S.B.C. / Holtappels, P. / Vogt, U.F. / Pomjakushina, E. / Conder, K. / Stimming, U. / Graule, T.
Source
Solid State Ionics, 178 (25)
Pages: p.1437-1441
Time of Publication: 2007

Trapping phosphate anions inside the [Ag4I]3+ framework: Structure, bonding, and properties of Ag4I(PO4)

ID=59
Authors Oleneva, O.S. / Kirsanova, M.A. / Shestimerova, T.A. / Abramchuk, N.S. / Davliatshin, D.I. / Bykov, M.A. / Dikarev, E.V. / Shevelkov, A.V.
Source
Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 181 (1)
Pages: p.37-44
Time of Publication: 2008

GdBaCo2O5+x layered perovskite as an intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode

ID=58
Authors Tarancon, A. / Morata, A. / Dezanneau, G. / Skinner, S.J. / Kilner, J.A. / Estrade, S. / Hernandez-Ramirez, F. / Morante, J.R.
Source
as
Pages: p.255-263
Time of Publication: 2007

Effects of protons and acceptor substitution on the electrical conductivity of La6WO12

ID=57
Authors Haugsrud, R. / Kjolseth, C
Source
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 69 (7)
Pages: p.1758-1765
Time of Publication: 2008

Heavily doped oxygen-ion conducting Ln2 + xTi2 − xO7 − δ (Ln = Ho–Lu; x = 0.44–0.81) pyrochlores: Crystal structure, microstructure and electrical conductivity

ID=56
Authors Shlyakhtina, A.V. / Savvin, S.N. / Levchenko, A.V. / Boguslavskii, M.V. / Shcherbakova, L.G.
Source
Solid State Ionics, 179 (21)
Pages: p.985-990
Time of Publication: 2008

Influence of microstructure on electrical properties in BaZr0.5In0.5O3-δ proton conductor

ID=55
Authors Ahmed, I. / Eriksson, S.G. / Ahlberg, E. / Knee, C.S.
Source
Solid State Ionics, 179 (21)
Pages: p.1155-1160
Time of Publication: 2008

Effect of minor element addition on the electrical properties of BaZr0.9Y0.1O3

ID=54
Authors Duval, S.B.C. / Holtappels, P. / Stimming, U. / Graule, T.
Source
Solid State Ionics, 179 (21)
Pages: p.1112-1115
Time of Publication: 2008

Varistor property of SnO2.CoO.Ta2O5 ceramic modified by barium and strontium

ID=53
Authors Dhage, S.R. / Ravi, V. / Yang, O.B
Source
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 466 (1)
Pages: p.483-487
Time of Publication: 2008

Plasma sprayed metal supported YSZ/Ni–LSGM–LSCF ITSOFC with nanostructured anode

ID=52
Authors Hwang, C., Tsai, C.H., Lo, C.H., Sun, C.H.
Source
Journal of Power Sources, 180 (1),
Pages: p.132-142
Time of Publication: 2008

Comperative Seebeck Coefficient Measurements on Ceramic and Compacted Powder Column Samples; Case of ZnO

ID=51
Authors Nataliya Sharova, Christian Kjølseth, Skjalg Erdal, Truls Norby
Source
Proceeding of the 1st Nordic School and Symposium on Functional Energy Related Materials
NorFERM-2008, 3-7 October 2008, Gol, Norway
Volume: R, Pages: 36
Time of Publication: 2008

Water vapor detection with individual tin oxide nanowires

ID=49
Author F. Hernandez-Ramirez et al.
Source
Nanotechnology 18
Volume: 18, Issue: 424016 Time of Publication: 2007
Remark 4-point conductivity measurement on nanowire held in ProboStat in atmospheres with controlled humuidity

Measurement of oxygen exchange kinetics on thin-filmLa0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ using non-linear electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

ID=48
Authors J.R. Wilson, M. Sase, T. Kawada, S.B. Adler
Source
Electrochem. Solid State Lett.
Volume: 10, Issue: 5, Pages: B81-86
Time of Publication: 2007

Role of protons in the electrical conductivity of acceptor-doped BaPrO3, BaTbO3, and BaThO3

ID=47
Authors K. A. Furøy, R. Haugsrud, M. Hänsel, A. Magrasó, T. Norby
Source
Solid State Ionics
Volume: 178, Issue: 7-10, Pages: 461-467
Time of Publication: 2007
Remark Disk samples, impedance spectrocopy, transport number measurements

High-Temperature Proton Conductivity in Acceptor-Substituted Rare-Earth Ortho-Tantalates, LnTaO4

ID=46
Authors R. Haugsrud, A. Tarancón, T. Norby, G. Dezanneau, A. Morata, F. Peiró, J.R. Morante
Source
J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
Volume: 90, Issue: 4, Pages: 1116-1121
Time of Publication: 2007
Remark Disk samples, impedance spectrocopy, transport number measurements

Mixed ionic and electronic conductivity of undoped and acceptor doped Er6WO12

ID=45
Authors R. Haugsrud, H. Fjeld, K. R. Haug, T. Norby
Source
J. Electrochem. Soc.
Volume: 154, Issue: 1, Pages: B77-81
Time of Publication: 2007
Remark Disk samples, impedance spectrocopy, transport number measurements
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